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Relative vaccine effectiveness against Delta and Omicron COVID-19 after homologous inactivated vaccine boosting: a retrospective cohort study
- Source :
- BMJ Open, Vol 12, Iss 11 (2022)
- Publication Year :
- 2022
- Publisher :
- BMJ Publishing Group, 2022.
-
Abstract
- Design Retrospective cohort studyMethods We evaluated relative vaccine effectiveness (rVE) with a retrospective cohort study of close contacts of infected individuals using a time-dependent Cox regression model. Demographic and epidemiologic data were obtained from the local Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; clinical and laboratory data were obtained from COVID-19-designated hospitals. Vaccination histories were obtained from the national COVID-19 vaccination dataset. All data were linked by national identification number.Results Among 784 SARS-CoV-2 infections, 379 (48.3%) were caused by Delta and 405 (51.7%) were caused by Omicron, with breakthrough rates of 9.9% and 17.8%, respectively. Breakthrough rates among boosted individuals were 8.1% and 4.9%. Compared with subjects who received primary vaccination series ≥180 days before infection, Cox regression modelling showed that homologous inactivated booster vaccination was statistically significantly associated with protection from symptomatic infection caused by Omicron (rVE 59%; 95% CI 13% to 80%) and pneumonia caused by Delta (rVE 62%; 95% CI 34% to 77%) and Omicron (rVE 87%; 95% CI 3% to 98%).Conclusions COVID-19 vaccination in China provided good protection against symptomatic COVID-19 and COVID-19 pneumonia caused by Delta and Omicron variants. Protection declined 6 months after primary series vaccination but was restored by homologous inactivated booster doses given 6 months after the primary series.
- Subjects :
- Medicine
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 20446055
- Volume :
- 12
- Issue :
- 11
- Database :
- Directory of Open Access Journals
- Journal :
- BMJ Open
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- edsdoj.7017f8579a24c09a2129e921ac68d61
- Document Type :
- article
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2022-063919