Skin lesions in systemic lupus erythematosus. Part 1: classification, etiology, pathogenesis

Skin and mucous membranes lesions in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) significantly impair the quality of life of patients, although they are not a formidable manifestation of the disease. Skin manifestations of SLE can occur both at the onset and on the late stage of the disease. Although skin and mucous membranes lesions are clearly grouped in the latest classification criteria for SLE, verification of the diagnosis requires a multidisciplinary approach. In the etiology of SLE, environmental factors, hormonal factors, and genetic predisposition play a role. Further research will reveal differences in subtypes of cutaneous lupus erythematosus and will facilitate the development of new therapies.