Estimation of lithium-ion battery health state using MHATTCN network with multi-health indicators inputs

Abstract Accurately predicting the state of health (SOH) of lithium-ion batteries is fundamental in estimating their remaining lifespan. Various parameters such as voltage, current, and temperature significantly influence the battery’s SOH. However, existing data-driven methods necessitate substantial data from the target domain for training, which hampers the assessment of lithium-ion battery health at the initial stage. To address these challenges, this paper introduces the multi-head attention-time convolution network (MHAT-TCN), amalgamating multi-head attention learning with random block dropout techniques. Additionally, it employs grey relational analysis (GRA) to select health indicators (HIs) highly correlated with battery capacity, thereby enhancing the accuracy of the model training. Employing leave-one-out crossvalidation (LOOCV), the MHAT-TCN network is pre-trained using data from batteries of the same model to facilitate comprehensive prediction of the target battery throughout its operational period. Results demonstrate that the MHAT-TCN network trained on HIs outperforms other models, enabling precise predictions across the entire operational period.