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High-Protein Intake during Weight Loss Therapy Eliminates the Weight-Loss-Induced Improvement in Insulin Action in Obese Postmenopausal Women

High-Protein Intake during Weight Loss Therapy Eliminates the Weight-Loss-Induced Improvement in Insulin Action in Obese Postmenopausal Women

Authors :
Gordon I. Smith
Jun Yoshino
Shannon C. Kelly
Dominic N. Reeds
Adewole Okunade
Bruce W. Patterson
Samuel Klein
Bettina Mittendorfer
Source :
Cell Reports, Vol 17, Iss 3, Pp 849-861 (2016)
Publication Year :
2016
Publisher :
Elsevier, 2016.

Abstract

High-protein (HP) intake during weight loss (WL) therapy is often recommended because it reduces the loss of lean tissue mass. However, HP intake could have adverse effects on metabolic function, because protein ingestion reduces postprandial insulin sensitivity. In this study, we compared the effects of ∼10% WL with a hypocaloric diet containing 0.8 g protein/kg/day and a hypocaloric diet containing 1.2 g protein/kg/day on muscle insulin action in postmenopausal women with obesity. We found that HP intake reduced the WL-induced decline in lean tissue mass by ∼45%. However, HP intake also prevented the WL-induced improvements in muscle insulin signaling and insulin-stimulated glucose uptake, as well as the WL-induced adaptations in oxidative stress and cell structural biology pathways. Our data demonstrate that the protein content of a WL diet can have profound effects on metabolic function and underscore the importance of considering dietary macronutrient composition during WL therapy for people with obesity.

Details

Language :
English
ISSN :
22111247 and 73415545
Volume :
17
Issue :
3
Database :
Directory of Open Access Journals
Journal :
Cell Reports
Publication Type :
Academic Journal
Accession number :
edsdoj.76d10f73415545cdabce7bead19360cc
Document Type :
article
Full Text :
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.celrep.2016.09.047