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Rare earth elements in some bottled waters of Serbia
- Source :
- Geološki Anali Balkanskoga Poluostrva, Vol 2013, Iss 74, Pp 71-81 (2013)
- Publication Year :
- 2013
- Publisher :
- Faculty of Mining and Geology, Belgrade, 2013.
-
Abstract
- Twenty-one bottled mineral and spring waters from Serbia were analyzed for 16 inorganic chemical parameters, including lanthanides and yttrium which belong to the group of so-called rare earth elements (REE). REE concentrations in the bottled water samples varied over a broad range, from 5.39 to 1585.82 ng/L. Total concentrations in the bottled water samples were calculated taking into account the classification of lanthanides into heavy (HREE) and light (LREE), with yttrium added to the HREE group. The LREE concentrations ranged from 3.62 to 1449.63 ng/L, while those of the HREE were from 0 to 136.19 ng/L. Distinct REE signatures were observed in waters that drained specific rocks. The REE patterns in groundwater from granitic and related rocks showed LREE and HREE enrichment, while groundwater with mafic rock influence exhibited slightly LREE enrichment. Several bottled water samples featured naturally-occurring carbon dioxide, whose solutional capacity contributed to the highest REE concentrations in the analyzed samples. High REE concentrations are also a result of sudden changes in oxidation-reduction conditions, which particularly affect La, Ce and Eu. Aquifers developed in granitic and related rocks (methamorphic and sedimentary rocks) constitute favorable environments for HREE in groundwater, corroborated by the occurrence of HREE in bottled water samples. The bottled water samples largely exhibited a negative cerium anomaly and nearly all the samples showed a positive europium anomaly.
- Subjects :
- rare earth elements
hydrogeochemistry
bottled waters
Serbia
Geology
QE1-996.5
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 03500608 and 24060747
- Volume :
- 2013
- Issue :
- 74
- Database :
- Directory of Open Access Journals
- Journal :
- Geološki Anali Balkanskoga Poluostrva
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- edsdoj.78d1ec121bd0434ab35f7410e471c385
- Document Type :
- article
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.2298/GABP1374071T