Assessing the impact of body mass index on insulin resistance and metabolic risk factors in pre-diabetic individuals: A comprehensive cross-sectional study

Background: Insulin resistance plays a crucial role in the onset of type 2 diabetes, with body mass index (BMI) being a significant determinant. Aims and Objectives: This study examines the link between BMI and insulin resistance in pre-diabetic individuals to inform strategies for early diabetes intervention. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study involved 100 pre-diabetic participants. Data on demographic characteristics, BMI, insulin resistance (measured by the Homeostatic Model Assessment for Insulin Resistance, HOMA-IR), lipid profiles, and blood pressure (BP) were collected. Participants were categorized into normal weight, overweight, and obese groups to explore the relationship between BMI and insulin resistance and its impact on metabolic and cardiovascular health. Results: The average participant age was 45.8 years (SD=12.3), with a slight majority being female (52%) and an average BMI of 28.4 kg/m² (SD=4.5). A significant positive correlation (r=0.64, P