Optical coherence tomography angiography in pediatric choroidal neovascularization

Purpose: To report two cases of pediatric choroidal neovascularization (CNV) and the associated neovascular and retinal findings identified on Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography (OCTA) imaging. Methods: A 14-year-old boy with handheld laser-induced maculopathy-related CNV and a 13-year-old boy with idiopathic CNV were evaluated with visual acuity testing, slit-lamp exam, fundus photography, fluorescein angiography, indocyanine green angiography, spectral domain optical coherence tomography, and OCTA. Results: Macular CNV were identified in both pediatric patients using OCTA imaging. The first case demonstrated a classic pediatric type II CNV with a “tree-like” pattern and a single vessel in-growth site, while the second case demonstrated a type I CNV with a “glomerular” pattern. Conclusion: Distinct choroidal neovascular patterns were visualized in these two cases of pediatric CNV when compared to adult subtypes. OCTA is a noninvasive imaging modality capable of evaluating and characterizing pediatric CNV and their associated vascular patterns.