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Evaluation of the Local and Peripheral Immune Responses in Patients with Cystic Echinococcosis
- Source :
- Pathogens, Vol 13, Iss 6, p 477 (2024)
- Publication Year :
- 2024
- Publisher :
- MDPI AG, 2024.
-
Abstract
- Background: Cystic echinococcosis (CE) cysts may persist for decades because of immune modulation mechanisms. Here, we characterize the cysts and the blood immune responses in patients with CE. Methods: We enrolled 61 patients with CE and 19 control subjects. We received tissue samples from seven patients with CE and a control subject requiring liver cystectomy. The immunohistochemistry evaluation of the immune cell subtypes and cytokines in the pericysts and surrounding liver and the antigen B (AgB)-specific response analysis of whole blood were performed. Results: In CE, the pericyst and the surrounding liver parenchyma showed aggregates of CD3+ T lymphocytes, mainly CD4+. B lymphocyte aggregates were present in the liver tissue. Monocytes/granulocytes were rarely observed. Th2 cytokine expression was scarce, whereas IFN-γ expression was present in the CE tissues. The control subject did not show an inflammatory infiltrate. The IL-4-specific response to AgB was increased in the patients with CE compared to the control, and this result was confirmed in a larger cohort (p = 0.003), whereas the IFN-γ-response was similar between the two groups (p = 0.5570). Conclusion: In patients with CE, CD4+ lymphocytes infiltrate the pericyst and the surrounding liver tissue with a low IL-4/IL-13 expression level and a moderate IFN-γ expression level; moreover, an IL-4 parasite-specific response is detected in the periphery. These results support adventitia involvement in CE immunopathogenesis.
- Subjects :
- cystic echinococcosis
cysts
immune response
immunohistochemistry
IL-4
Medicine
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 20760817
- Volume :
- 13
- Issue :
- 6
- Database :
- Directory of Open Access Journals
- Journal :
- Pathogens
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- edsdoj.7c1d748232c74f8eb51c9d670daca895
- Document Type :
- article
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.3390/pathogens13060477