Structural dynamics modification for derrick of deep well drilling rig based on experimental modal test and frequency sensitivity analysis

A statically designed derrick of deep oil well drilling rig may have poor dynamic characteristics, which can cause earlier structure failure of the drilling rig and harsh working condition. One such designed derrick is found to vibrate severely in operation while the rotation speed of rotary table is about 120 r/min with the working frequency of 2.0 Hz. To solve this problem, an experimental modal test of the derrick is conducted and the modal frequencies and vibration shapes are obtained. Through comparison of modal frequencies with that of exciting devices, it is found that the severe vibration of the drilling rig is caused by the resonance of second modal frequency (1.96 Hz) and the working frequency of rotary table. Based on principles of sensitivity analysis and structural dynamics modification method, the frequency sensitivities of all nodes on the derrick are calculated and compared, and then seven nodes with high-frequency sensitivity are selected on which corresponding mass are added to vary the modal frequency. Result shows that the second modal frequency of the derrick is reduced to 1.42 Hz and is out of the normal working frequency range of rotary table, which demonstrates that the dynamic characteristics of the derrick is improved and severe vibration can be avoided.