Factors that influence the scope of practice of the chiropractic profession in Australia: a thematic analysis

Abstract Scope of practice has been defined as the activities that an individual health care practitioner is allowed to undertake within a specific profession. The chiropractic profession in Australia does not currently have a documented scope of practice. Informed discussions around scope of practice are hampered by a paucity of literature in this area. Acknowledging this void in the literature, we chose to investigate the factors that influence scope of practice of the chiropractic profession. A knowledge of the factors will facilitate discussion on the topic and help the profession to work towards establishing a scope of practice. Aim The aim of this study was to identify the factors that influence scope of practice of chiropractic in Australia from the perspective of 4 stakeholder groups within the profession. Methods This study employed semi-structured, online-interviews. Open-ended questions, guided by a flexible interview protocol, and augmented by supplemental questions, probes and comments, were used to gather data on the research question. Data were analysed using reflexive thematic analysis. Results Six factors that influenced scope of practice of chiropractic were identified in this study: education, evidence (research-derived and practice-based), political influence, community expectations, entrepreneurial business models, and geographical location. Conclusion Knowledge of the factors that influence scope of practice of chiropractic in Australia is important for establishing a scope of practice for the profession. This knowledge is also of value to a range of stakeholders including patients, health care providers (within and outside the profession), professional associations, and policymakers.