Myopia: Pathogenesis and Actual Methods of Control. Literature Review

This literature review analyzed of current information about prevalence, pathogenesis and methods of controlling the progression of myopia. Bibliographic research of scientific publications was carried out in the following databases: Medline, Pubmed, Cochrane, eLibrary. Languages of publications: Russian and English. Analysis of Russian and foreign literature has demonstrated that the prevalence of myopia is increasing extensively worldwide. All the main methods of controlling myopia are divided into measures aimed at changing the child’s lifestyle, drug therapy, optical correction and surgical methods. The most debatable issue remains the surgical methods of controlling myopia, in particular, posterior scleral reinforcement and UV-A-crosslinking of the sclera.