脑白质高信号的非传统血管危险因素研究进展 Advances in Non-traditional Vascular Risk Factors for Cerebral White Matter Hyperintensity

血管源性脑白质高信号（white matter hyperintensity，WMH）是脑小血管病的典型影像学征 象之一。临床上有一部分WMH病例无高血压、糖尿病等传统血管危险因素，却伴有偏头痛、晕厥、睡 眠呼吸暂停、睡眠障碍、直立性低血压等非传统危险因素或临床症状。本文对研究WMH与非传统血 管危险因素关系的文献进行整理和总结。对非传统血管危险因素的深入研究有助于进一步认识WMH 的潜在机制。针对非传统血管危险因素的控制和治疗可能有助于WMH的预防和治疗。 Abstract: Cerebral white matter hyperintensity (WMH) of presumed vascular origin is one of the typical neuroimaging features of cerebral small vessel diseases. A certain number of clinical cases with WMH had no traditional stroke risk factors such as hypertension and diabetes, while had non-traditional symptoms/risk factors including migraine, syncope, obstructive sleep apnea, sleep disorders and orthostatic hypotension. This article reviews the advances in relationship between WMH and non-traditional risk factors (migraine, syncope, obstructive sleep apnea, sleep disorders and orthostatic hypotension). The further study on non-traditional vascular risk factors will help us to understand the potential mechanism of WMH, and interventions for these non-traditional factors may be helpful for prevention and treatment of WMH.