Factors associated with pre-surgical complications in patients with cystic echinococcosis from endemic areas of Peru

Objective: To identify risk factors to pre-surgical complications in patients with cystic echinococcosis (CE) in endemic areas of Peru. Materials and methods: Study of cases (n=43) and controls (n=127) not paired was designed, with a case- control ratio of 1:3 based on a secondary source. A case was defined as a patient with CE who presented pre-surgical complications related or not with the disease and the control without pre-surgical complication. The response variable was preoperative complication and the exposure variables were age, gender, degree of instruction, occupation, number, size (diameter in centimeters) and location of the cyst. To identify the risk factors, a bivariate logistic regression analysis was performed to obtain the crude odds ratios (cOR) and then the variables with significant association were adjusted by a multivariate logistic regression analysis using the Stata® version 14 software, obtaining the adjusted odds ratios (aOR). Results: Fifty eight point eight percent (24/43) of the cases were women and the median age was 35 years and 59.1% (75/127) of the controls correspond to the female gender and the median age was 27 years. The multivariate logistic regression analysis found that being over 56 years old has an aOR 2.91 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.007-8.433) and having ≥3 cysts has an aOR 4.26 (95% CI: 1.62-11.22) for present pre-surgical complications in patients with CE. Conclusion: It was identified that being over 56 years old and having ≥3 cysts are risk factors for presenting pre-surgical complications in CE.