Is there an association between breed, age, and sex with high and low serum creatinine levels in dogs? - from the analysis of electronic medical record data

Medical record data were analyzed for serum creatinine level in dogs to determine useful associations between the data. Differences in sex, age, and breed were analyzed using Fisher"s exact test, and multiple factors such as sex were analyzed by contingency table analysis. Of the 3347 dogs that were tested for serum creatinine level, 243 dogs had creatinine over 1.4 mg/dL more than once. The overall rate of renal dysfunction in all breeds was 7.3%, but the rate for cavalier King Charles Spaniels was 14.1% (P