Retinal Pigment Epithelial Proliferation Secondary to Retinal Ischemia: A Case Report and Literature Review

Introduction: Antiphospholipid syndrome is one of the most common causes of acquired hypercoagulable conditions which is correlated with ocular conditions not least of which is retinal ischemia due to arterial or venous occlusive insults. Case Presentation: We describe a case of unilateral retinal ischemia in the setting of combined central retinal artery and vein occlusion with associated proliferation of retinal pigment epithelium. The patient was worked-up for the etiology of her presentation which was found to be antiphospholipid syndrome. Conclusion: Although pigment epithelial proliferation occurs commonly after retinal ischemia, no study has reported complete multimodal imaging of such a pathology or proposed the possible mechanisms explaining such an association.