Classification and identification of Lactarius based on morphological characteristics of fruiting bodies and rDNA-ITS sequence analysis in Qiandongnan

ObjectiveIn order to clarify the taxonomic status of Lactarius in Qiandongnan of Guizhou, and provid the basis for the identification of wild fungi in foodborne wild mushroom poisoning.MethodsThe morphological characteristics of fruiting bodies and phylogenetic analysis of ribosomal DNA internal transcribed spacer(rDNA-ITS) gene sequences were used for identification.ResultsIt was clear that there were 3 main kinds of Lactarius in the markets. The samples of indigo, amaranth and aurantius were identified as Lactarius vividus, Lactarius hatsudake and Lactarius subindigo based on morphological features. Then ITS gene sequence phylogenetic trees for the 34 fungi strains were divided into two branches, the Lactarius and other toxic fungi of the affinis species were distinguished. The TL1 and Lactarius subindig, TZ1 and Lactarius hatsudake, TH1 and Lactarius vividus were clustered into one group respectively, which were consistent with morphological identification results.ConclusionThe main species of Lactarius in Qiandongnan were the Lactarius hatsudake and Lactarius vividus, which were the same as another Lactarius in Guiyang. Among the Lactarius species, TL1 was identified as Lactarius subindigo, this was the first case reported in Guizhou.