Recent advances in nickel-based catalysts for electrochemical reduction of carbon dioxide

The carbon dioxide electroreduction reaction (CO2RR) represents a sustainable way to store intermittent renewable energy in a manner that generates virtually zero net emissions, yet the energy efficiency remains a significant bottleneck due to its sluggish kinetics and complex reaction pathways. There is a strong demand for highly efficient electrocatalysts that can achieve high energy and Faradaic efficiency, as well as rapid conversion. Among various developed CO2RR catalysts, nickel-based materials have garnered increasing attention due to their outstanding performance and low cost. In this review, the relevant CO2RR mechanisms are firstly discussed in detail. Following this, several typical Ni-based catalysts including Ni-based complexes catalysts, nanoparticles and alloys, Ni-based compounds, and atomically dispersed Ni catalysts are summarized. The preparation strategies for industrial level electrocatalysts are also highlighted in this review. Finally, the opportunities, challenges and future outlooks of CO2RR technology are summarized. This review introduces the recent advances and frontiers of nickel-based CO2RR catalysts, which enlightens the path for further exploration of highly efficient CO2RR electrocatalysts.