Mycobacterium porcinum Infection of Hilar and Mediastinal Lymph Nodes: A Case Report and Literature Review

Wenjie Wei,* Renrui Luo,* Zhikui Chen, Jianbin He Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Hunan University of Medicine General Hospital, Huaihua, People’s Republic of China*These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Jianbin He, Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Hunan University of Medicine General Hospital, Jinxi South Road 144, Hecheng District, Huaihua, 418000, People’s Republic of China, Email hjb0919@aliyun.comAbstract: In the available reports on clinical medicine, the infection sites of Mycobacterium porcinum include wounds, bone marrow, respiratory tract, and catheters. A 61-year-old woman was admitted to our hospital; her hilar and mediastinal lymph nodes were found to be enlarged during health examination, but there was no specific discomfort. Initially, she had undergone a mediastinal lymph node biopsy and pathology, but the diagnosis was not confirmed. However, 16S rRNA gene sequencing revealed M. porcinum infection of hilar and mediastinal lymph nodes. Subsequently, she was treated with clarithromycin, amikacin, imipenem, and tigecycline. After 2 months, chest computed tomography showed a significant reduction in lymph nodes. M. porcinum infection was considered to be the cause of disease.Keywords: Mycobacterium porcinum, hilar, mediastinal, lymph nodes, infection