Effects of low lead exposure on sperm quality and sperm DNA methylation in adult men

Abstract Instruction Lead (Pb) exposure is a risk factor for male infertility, but the epigenetic changes in sperm DNAattributable to lead exposure is poorly defined. Methods In this study, we investigated whether low Pb exposure ( 5 µg/dL or when predicting NP, no significant Pb–Ca interaction was observed. Discussion Overall, our results indicate that aberrant DNA methylation of the Ca homeostasis pathway, induced by low Pb exposure, is the potential cause for reduced sperm velocity.