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Fractal Numerical Investigation of Mixed Convective Prandtl-Eyring Nanofluid Flow with Space and Temperature-Dependent Heat Source

Authors :
Yasir Nawaz
Muhammad Shoaib Arif
Muavia Mansoor
Kamaleldin Abodayeh
Amani S. Baazeem
Source :
Fractal and Fractional, Vol 8, Iss 5, p 276 (2024)
Publication Year :
2024
Publisher :
MDPI AG, 2024.

Abstract

An explicit computational scheme is proposed for solving fractal time-dependent partial differential equations (PDEs). The scheme is a three-stage scheme constructed using the fractal Taylor series. The fractal time order of the scheme is three. The scheme also ensures stability. The approach is utilized to model the time-varying boundary layer flow of a non-Newtonian fluid over both stationary and oscillating surfaces, taking into account the influence of heat generation that depends on both space and temperature. The continuity equation of the considered incompressible fluid is discretized by first-order backward difference formulas, whereas the dimensionless Navier–Stokes equation, energy, and equation for nanoparticle volume fraction are discretized by the proposed scheme in fractal time. The effect of different parameters involved in the velocity, temperature, and nanoparticle volume fraction are displayed graphically. The velocity profile rises as the parameter I grows. We primarily apply this computational approach to analyze a non-Newtonian fluid’s fractal time-dependent boundary layer flow over flat and oscillatory sheets. Considering spatial and temperature-dependent heat generation is a crucial factor that introduces additional complexity to the analysis. The continuity equation for the incompressible fluid is discretized using first-order backward difference formulas. On the other hand, the dimensionless Navier–Stokes equation, energy equation, and the equation governing nanoparticle volume fraction are discretized using the proposed fractal time-dependent scheme.

Details

Language :
English
ISSN :
25043110
Volume :
8
Issue :
5
Database :
Directory of Open Access Journals
Journal :
Fractal and Fractional
Publication Type :
Academic Journal
Accession number :
edsdoj.9960306429e447139436d2697054cd05
Document Type :
article
Full Text :
https://doi.org/10.3390/fractalfract8050276