Elevated serum trimethylamine oxide levels as potential biomarker for diabetic kidney disease

Background: Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) has become a major cause of chro nic kidney disease. However, early diagnosis of DKD is challenging. Trimethylamine oxide (TMAO) is an intestinal microbial metabolite which might be ass ociated with diabetes complications. The aim of this study was to investigate the cor relation between TMAO and DKD. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted. A total of 108 T2DM pati ents and 33 healthy subjects were enrolled in this study. Multiple logistic regression analyses and area under receiver operating characteristic curves (AUROC) wer e performed to evaluate the correlation between serum TMAO and DKD. Results: Serum TMAO levels were significantly higher in DKD patients than healthy control group and the NDKD (T2DM without combined DKD) group (P < 0.05). TMAO levels were negatively correlated with eGFR and positively correlated with urea nitrogen, ACR and DKD (P < 0.05). Logistic regression analysis indicated that serum TMA O was one of the independent risk factors for DKD patients (P < 0.05). In the diagnostic model, the AUROC of TMAO for the diagnosis of DKD was 0.691. Conclusion: Elevated levels of serum TMAO levels were positively associated with the risk of DKD in T2DM patients, which might be a potential biomarker for DKD.