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Numerical Study of the Flow and Thermomagnetic Convection Heat Transfer of a Power Law Non-Newtonian Ferrofluid within a Circular Cavity with a Permanent Magnet

Authors :
Nidhal Ben Khedher
Mohammad Shahabadi
Abed Saif Alghawli
Christopher Neil Hulme
Seyed Abdollah Mansouri Mehryan
Source :
Mathematics, Vol 10, Iss 15, p 2612 (2022)
Publication Year :
2022
Publisher :
MDPI AG, 2022.

Abstract

The aim of this study is to analyze the thermo-magnetic-gravitational convection of a non-Newtonian power law ferrofluid within a circular cavity. The ferrofluid is exposed to the magnetic field of a permanent magnet. The finite element method is employed to solve the non-dimensional controlling equations. A grid sensitivity analysis and the validation of the used method are conducted. The effect of alterable parameters, including the power law index, 0.7 ≤ n ≤ 1.3, gravitational Rayleigh number, 104 ≤ RaT ≤ 106, magnetic Rayleigh number, 105 ≤ RaM ≤ 108, the location of the hot and cold surfaces, 0 ≤ λ ≤ π/2, and the length of the magnet normalized with respect to the diameter of the cavity, 0.1 ≤ L ≤ 0.65, on the flow and heat transfer characteristics are explored. The results show that the heat transfer rate increases at the end of both arcs compared to the central region because of buoyancy effects, and it is greater close to the hot arc. The location of the arcs does not affect the heat transfer rate considerably. An increase in the magnetic Rayleigh number contributes to stronger circulation of the flow inside and higher heat transfer. When the Kelvin force is the only one imposed on the flow, it enhances the heat transfer for magnets of length 0.2 ≤ L ≤ 0.3.

Details

Language :
English
ISSN :
22277390
Volume :
10
Issue :
15
Database :
Directory of Open Access Journals
Journal :
Mathematics
Publication Type :
Academic Journal
Accession number :
edsdoj.b0544045006245b5843cc524f5ee93a7
Document Type :
article
Full Text :
https://doi.org/10.3390/math10152612