Agent-Based Reactive Geographic Routing Protocol for Internet of Vehicles

The design of an efficient routing algorithm for Internet of Vehicles (IoV) is a challenging research issue due to the inherent characteristics of IoV network, such as high-speed mobility of nodes, frequent topology change, link instability, and the presence of radio obstacles. Geographic routing protocols are a promising solution for the IoV, since they are based mainly on the location information which can be easily obtained through a location-based service. However, location services and traffic status measurements generate high network overhead that overloads the network traffic and introduces routing latency and packet loss. In this paper, we first propose a novel lightweight location service that permits to discover all the geographical paths between two vehicles based on smart mobile agents. Second, we proposed ARGENT an Agent-Based Reactive Geographic Routing Protocol that couples the routing process with the novel lightweight location service. We leverage the IoV environment and multiagent characteristics to adapt to the high-speed mobility of vehicles, improve packet delivery, and reduce the number of control messages overhead. The performance evaluation shows significant improvements in terms of query success ratio, data packet delivery, and end-to-end delay while reducing communication interruptions and overhead.