Barrier Function Based Adaptive Sliding Mode Controller for a Hybrid AC/DC Microgrid Involving Multiple Renewables

Conventional electricity generation methods are under the major revolution, and microgrids established on renewable energy sources are playing a vital role in this power generation transformation. This study proposes a hybrid AC/DC microgrid with a barrier function-based adaptive sliding mode controller, in which 8 kW wind energy system and 4.5 kW photovoltaic energy system perform as the hybrid RESs, and 33 Ah of battery works as the energy storage system. Barrier function-based adaptive sliding mode controller ensures the convergence of the system’s output variable independent of the knowledge of the upper bound of the disturbances. Firstly, global mathematical modeling of the suggested system is ensured. Then, the control laws are defined, providing the DC bus voltage regulation during islanding mode and AC/DC link bus voltage regulation during the grid-connected mode. The proposed barrier function-based adaptive sliding mode controller technique is analyzed through 20 s simulations on MATLAB/Simulink, which validates the controller’s robustness and effectiveness. Furthermore, a comparison of the proposed controller is made with the proportional integral derivative controller, Lyapunov controller, and sliding mode controller. In the end, hardware-in-loop tests are performed using C2000 Delfino MCU F28379D LaunchPad, showing the proposed structure’s real-time performance.