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Fractionation and Hydrolyzation of Avocado Peel Extract: Improvement of Antibacterial Activity
- Source :
- Antibiotics, Vol 10, Iss 1, p 23 (2020)
- Publication Year :
- 2020
- Publisher :
- MDPI AG, 2020.
-
Abstract
- Avocado Hass (Persea americana Mill) peel extract (APE) has the potential as a natural ingredient to substitute for chemical preservatives. The objectives of this study were to assess the phytochemical composition by high-performance liquid chromatography–quadrupole time-of-flight mass/mass spectrometry (HPLC-qTOF-MS/MS), total phenolic content (TPC), proanthocyanidin (PAC) content, and antioxidant activity of the APE, the organic fraction (OF), the aqueous fraction (AF), and the acid-microwave hydrolyzed APE (HAPE), on the antibacterial activity (ABA). The results indicated that APE and OF contained (p ˂ 0.05) a higher phenolic composition and antioxidant activity than AF and HAPE. The ABA specified that Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Bacillus cereus were inhibited by all the extracts (minimal inhibitory concentration—MIC ≥ 500 µg/mL), Staphylococcus aureus was only significantly inhibited by APE (≥750 µg/mL), the same MIC was observed for the OF on Salmonella spp. and Listeria monocytogenes. The HAPE increased the inhibitory efficiency up to 25% on Escherichia coli and Salmonella spp. (MIC ≥ 750 µg/mL), and 83.34% on L. monocytogenes (MIC ≥ 125 µg/mL) compared to APE (MIC ≥ 750 µg/mL). Also, HAPE inhibited the biofilm formation at the lowest concentration (125 µg/mL); meanwhile, the biofilm disruption showed to be concentration-time-dependent (p ˃ 0.05) compared to amoxicillin. In conclusion, the fractionation and hydrolyzation of APE improved the ABA; thus, those strategies are useful to design new antimicrobial compounds.
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 20796382
- Volume :
- 10
- Issue :
- 1
- Database :
- Directory of Open Access Journals
- Journal :
- Antibiotics
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- edsdoj.b9b0d2cd75c84dd3a55501c43c30fcf8
- Document Type :
- article
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.3390/antibiotics10010023