High-Accuracy Event Classification of Distributed Optical Fiber Vibration Sensing Based on Time–Space Analysis

Distributed optical fiber vibration sensing (DVS) can measure vibration information along with an optical fiber. Accurate classification of vibration events is a key issue in practical applications of DVS. In this paper, we propose a convolutional neural network (CNN) to analyze DVS data and achieve high-accuracy event recognition fully. We conducted experiments outdoors and collected more than 10,000 sets of vibration data. Through training, the CNN acquired the features of the raw DVS data and achieved the accurate classification of multiple vibration events. The recognition accuracy reached 99.9% based on the time–space data, a higher than used time-domain, frequency–domain, and time–frequency domain data. Moreover, considering that the performance of the DVS and the testing environment would change over time, we experimented again after one week to verify the method’s generalization performance. The classification accuracy using the previously trained CNN is 99.2%, which is of great value in practical applications.