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Immune response of COVID-19 vaccines in solid cancer patients: A meta-analysis
- Source :
- Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics, Vol 20, Iss 1 (2024)
- Publication Year :
- 2024
- Publisher :
- Taylor & Francis Group, 2024.
-
Abstract
- ABSTRACTSolid cancer patients, compared to their healthy counterparts, are at a greater risk of contracting and suffering from severe complications and poorer prognosis after COVID-19 infections. They also have different immune responses after doses of COVID-19 vaccination, but limited evidence is available to reveal the effectiveness and help to guide immunization programs for this subpopulation; MEDLINE, Embase, Web of Science, Cochrane Library databases, and clinicaltrials.gov were used to search literature. The pooled seroconversion rate was calculated using a random-effects model and reported with a 95% confidence interval (CI); The review includes 66 studies containing serological responses after COVID-19 vaccination in 13,050 solid cancer patients and 8550 healthy controls. The pooled seropositive rates after the first dose in patients with solid cancer and healthy controls are 55.2% (95% CI 45.9%–64.5% N = 18) and 90.2% (95% CI 80.9%–96.6% N = 13), respectively. The seropositive rates after the second dose in patients with solid cancer and healthy controls are 87.6% (95% CI 84.1%–90.7% N = 50) and 98.9% (95% CI 97.6%-99.7% N = 35), respectively. The seropositive rates after the third dose in patients with solid cancer and healthy controls are 91.4% (95% CI 85.4%–95.9% N = 21) and 99.8% (95% CI 98.1%-100.0% N = 4), respectively. Subgroup analysis finds that study sample size, timing of antibody testing, and vaccine type have influence on the results; Seroconversion rates after COVID-19 vaccination are significantly lower in patients with solid malignancies, especially after the first dose, then shrinking gradually after the following two vaccinations, indicating that subsequent doses or a booster dose should be considered for the effectiveness of this subpopulation.
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 21645515 and 2164554X
- Volume :
- 20
- Issue :
- 1
- Database :
- Directory of Open Access Journals
- Journal :
- Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- edsdoj.bbc109cc9a4910b9906853ab23186f
- Document Type :
- article
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.1080/21645515.2024.2357424