SURVIVAL AND PROGNOSTIC FACTORS OF ANAL CANCER: A STUDY BASED ON DATA FROM THE HOSPITAL-BASED CANCER REGISTRY OF A HIGH-COMPLEXITY ONCOLOGY CARE CENTER

ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: Anal cancer is a relatively rare disease, and there is a lack of survival data from low- and middle-income countries. AIMS: The aim of this study was to investigate the survival rates and prognostic factors of anal cancer cases treated at a High-Complexity Oncology Care Center in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. METHODS: A retrospective cohort study was conducted involving 665 cases of squamous cell carcinoma of the anus/anal canal treated from 2000 to 2016. To estimate the 5-year overall survival probability and survival according to selected variables, the Kaplan-Meier method and the log-rank test were applied. To identify factors associated with survival, the Cox proportional hazards model, stratified by staging, was used to estimate hazard ratios (HR). Ninety-five percent confidence intervals (95%CI) were also calculated. RESULTS: The overall survival probability was 62.20% (95%CI 57.90–66.20). Higher survival rates were observed in female cases, those with non-advanced staging, and those treated with chemoradiotherapy (p