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Risk Factors for Acute Acquired Comitant Esotropia in Children and Young Adults: A Systematic Review

Authors :
Manjushri Yuan Rou Lee
Mei Shi Pearl Lee
Source :
British and Irish Orthoptic Journal, Vol 20, Pp 193–206-193–206 (2024)
Publication Year :
2024
Publisher :
White Rose University Press, 2024.

Abstract

Background: Acute acquired comitant esotropia (AACE) is a rare subtype of esotropia that occurs after infancy. The exact pathogenesis of AACE remains unknown with aetiologies ranging from benign conditions to serious underlying neurological diseases being reported. Given the elusive characteristic of AACE, diagnostic and management guidelines remain unclear. This systematic review aims to contribute to this field by summarising the risk factors for AACE reported thus far. Methods: A systematic review was conducted with papers found in CINAHL, MEDLINE, Cochrane library, PubMed databases and other sources. Eligible studies investigating the risk factors for, and clinical features of, AACE in children and young adults were critically appraised before relevant data were extracted and discussed via a narrative summary. Results: Twelve studies were included in the final review, of which six and eight papers reported on benign and non-benign risk factors for AACE respectively. Identified benign risk factors varied among studies, while non-benign risk factors were associated with intracranial pathologies, multiple sclerosis and head trauma. Conclusion: Given the low generalisability of study findings, no definitive conclusions can be drawn on the significance of each risk factor on AACE development. Further prospective research with more objective measurements of ‘near work’, larger sample sizes and control groups is required to better ascertain any cause-effect relationship, refine the diagnostic criteria for each AACE subtype and advise on appropriate management guidelines for AACE.

Details

Language :
English
ISSN :
25163590
Volume :
20
Database :
Directory of Open Access Journals
Journal :
British and Irish Orthoptic Journal
Publication Type :
Academic Journal
Accession number :
edsdoj.f0636562507c43d7b3825101e7d057b2
Document Type :
article
Full Text :
https://doi.org/10.22599/bioj.386