Fertility status and depression: A case‐control study among women in Herat, Afghanistan

Abstract Background and Aim On a global scale, an estimated 17.5% of the reproductive‐aged population experiences clinical infertility. Beyond its categorization as a reproductive health concern, infertility emerges as a substantial independent risk factor for the development of various mental health disorders. The current study aims to investigate the prevalence of depression among women experiencing infertility compared to fertile women in Herat city, Afghanistan. Methods This hospital‐based case‐control study was conducted in Herat city, Afghanistan, during the latter half of 2023 on women aged 15–49. Sociodemographic and infertility data were gathered by a gynecologist using a structured questionnaire with 14 items. Assessment of depression employed the Dari‐translated version of the Patient Health Questionnaire. The data were scored and categorized following the instrument's guidelines. To examine the association between categorical variables, a chi‐square test was conducted, with a significance level set at 0.05 for all analyses. These statistical procedures were performed using IBM Statistical Package for Social Sciences, version 27. Results Our investigation revealed a statistically significant association (p