Potential Drug Interactions in Hospitalized Hematologic Cancer Patients: New Update with New Chemotherapy Regimens

Objective: This cross-sectional study aimed to assess the frequency of potential drug–drug interactions (DDIs) and demographic correlates of moderate and major DDIs among patients with hematologic cancer at a referral hematology hospital in Iran. Methods: In this study, for 6 months, all patients suffering from hematologic cancers admitted to the tertiary oncology hospital, Omid, Isfahan, were considered. Data from all medications prescribed to patients during hospitalization were analyzed using the online Lexicomp® drug interaction checker, recording all interactions classified by risk level: C, D, or X. Findings: A total of 674 DDIs were detected in 109 patients. The prevalence of treatments with at least one clinically relevant interaction was 95%, being 57.9% for those at level C and 31.5% for levels D and X. According to the frequency, the main interaction was between aprepitant and corticosteroids, followed by the interaction between aprepitant and vincristine. The most common interaction between antineoplastic agents was between doxorubicin and cyclophosphamide. In terms of mechanism, most of DDIs (54.9%) were pharmacodynamics. Only the number of administered medications was associated with DDI occurrence. Conclusion: Potential DDIs of moderate to major severity are common among patients with hematologic malignancies. This underscores the importance of implementing different strategies to mitigate this clinically significant risk.