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Disentangling Gender and Relative Age Effects in Women’s and Girls’ Rugby Union

Authors :
Adam L. Kelly
Diogo Coutinho
John M. Radnor
Kate Burke
Donald Barrell
Daniel Jackson
Paolo R. Brustio
Source :
Journal of Functional Morphology and Kinesiology, Vol 9, Iss 2, p 61 (2024)
Publication Year :
2024
Publisher :
MDPI AG, 2024.

Abstract

Relative age effects (RAEs) within sports refer to the overrepresentation of athletes born earlier in the selection year and the underrepresentation of those born later in the selection year. Research examining RAEs in women’s and girls’ rugby union remains limited in comparison to the male literature, whilst the impacts of RAEs on the youth–senior transition are yet to be explored in a female sport context. As such, the purpose of this study was to examine RAEs during entry into the women’s and girls’ premiership and international rugby union pathways in England, as well as to compare them to their respective senior cohort (n = 1367): (a) U18 England Rugby Centre of Excellence Player (n = 325) vs. Senior Premiership Player (n = 868), and (b) U18 England Player (n = 49) vs. Senior England Player (n = 125). Chi-square (χ2) analyses compared birth quarter (BQ) distributions against expected distributions. The findings revealed no significant difference in BQ distributions at either youth or senior levels, as well as no significant differences in the BQ distributions of those who were likely to transition from youth to senior levels (all p > 0.05). Importantly, though, descriptive statistics showed a skewed birthdate distribution in both U18 England Rugby Centre of Excellence Player (BQ1 = 30% vs. BQ4 = 20%) and U18 England Player cohorts (BQ1 = 33% vs. BQ4 = 18%). We highlight the gender-specific mechanisms that potentially explain the variations between male and female RAEs in rugby union, including developmental differences, sport popularity, and sociocultural norms. We also warn against a ‘copy and paste’ template from the male provision to ensure the recent growth of female rugby union does not fall victim to the same RAEs in the future.

Details

Language :
English
ISSN :
24115142
Volume :
9
Issue :
2
Database :
Directory of Open Access Journals
Journal :
Journal of Functional Morphology and Kinesiology
Publication Type :
Academic Journal
Accession number :
edsdoj.f48dac39fe544c2bbb756d706a42d69
Document Type :
article
Full Text :
https://doi.org/10.3390/jfmk9020061