Restauration écologique : contexte, contraintes et indicateurs de suivi

Ecological restoration: context, constraints, and indicators. In a global context of growing anthropogenic disturbances on natural and semi-natural ecosystems, the only conservation of those ecosystems is not sufficient anymore. The ecological restoration may hence be an essential complement to conservation. The paper consists in a synthesis of scientific literature dedicated to the concepts of ecological restoration. We tackle the notion of restoration objectives, notably through the ecological reference. Besides the delimitation of clear objectives, the reference will enable the evaluation of restoration efforts by the use of indicators. The indicators may also provide information related to the attributes of the restored ecosystem and/or the followed ecological trajectory. Potential constraints faced by species through ecological filters could hence be detected and compensation measures could be proposed.