Effects of Salicornia-supplemented wheat straw on the biological yield, amino and fatty acids of elm oyster mushroom, (Hypsizygus ulmarius Elm A)

Abstract The study examined the impact of Salicornia supplementation on the biological efficiency and biochemical properties of white Elm oyster mushrooms, Hypsizygus ulmarius. Four substrates were used to cultivate the mushrooms. Wheat straw was used as the main substrate and the Salicornia was used to partially replace the main substrate at the ratios of 5, 10, and 20% while 100% wheat straw was used as the control. The study found that the 20% Salicornia completed the mycelial run earlier (41 days), while the control treatment took the longest (45 days). The 5% Salicornia supplemented treatment and control treatment had the highest and lowest biological efficiencies (126 and 65%) respectively. The elemental concentration was undetectable for Copper (Cu), Lead (Pb), and Cadmium (Cd). The mushrooms from the control had the highest while those from the 20% treatment had the lowest (Zinc (Zn) levels (0.0115 ug/100 g) and 0.0078 ug/100 g). Conversely, Chromium (Cr) levels were highest and lowest in the 20% (0.0022 ug/100 g) and control treatments (0.0007 ug/100 g). Similarly, the total unsaturated fatty acids were highest in the control treatment (78%) and lowest in the 20% treatment (69%) while the opposite was true for the saturated fatty acids (22% and 31%). The mushrooms investigated in this study had higher essential amino acids (44–49%) compared to non-essential amino acids (17–20%). The results from this study suggest that Salicornia is a promising marine resource with the potential to enhance the health-promoting properties of oyster mushrooms.