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Bacterial outer membrane vesicle-based cancer nanovaccines

Authors :
Xiaoyu Gao
Qingqing Feng
Jing Wang
Xiao Zhao
Source :
Cancer Biology & Medicine, Vol 19, Iss 9, Pp 1290-1300 (2022)
Publication Year :
2022
Publisher :
China Anti-Cancer Association, 2022.

Abstract

Tumor vaccines, a type of personalized tumor immunotherapy, have developed rapidly in recent decades. These vaccines evoke tumor antigen-specific T cells to achieve immune recognition and killing of tumor cells. Because the immunogenicity of tumor antigens alone is insufficient, immune adjuvants and nanocarriers are often required to enhance anti-tumor immune responses. At present, vaccine carrier development often integrates nanocarriers and immune adjuvants. Among them, outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) are receiving increasing attention as a delivery platform for tumor vaccines. OMVs are natural nanovesicles derived from Gram-negative bacteria, which have adjuvant function because they contain pathogen associated molecular patterns. Importantly, OMVs can be functionally modified by genetic engineering of bacteria, thus laying a foundation for applications as a delivery platform for tumor nanovaccines. This review summarizes 5 aspects of recent progress in, and future development of, OMV-based tumor nanovaccines: strain selection, heterogeneity, tumor antigen loading, immunogenicity and safety, and mass production of OMVs.

Details

Language :
English
ISSN :
20953941
Volume :
19
Issue :
9
Database :
Directory of Open Access Journals
Journal :
Cancer Biology & Medicine
Publication Type :
Academic Journal
Accession number :
edsdoj.fec467ef95467281b9ebe2dec8bf4f
Document Type :
article
Full Text :
https://doi.org/10.20892/j.issn.2095-3941.2022.0452