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PD-L1 and PD-L2 are differentially regulated by Th1 and Th2 cells
- Source :
- Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States. April 29, 2003, Vol. 100 Issue 9, p5336, 6 p.
- Publication Year :
- 2003
-
Abstract
- PD-L1 and PD-L2 are ligands for PD-1, a costimulatory molecule that plays an inhibitory role in regulating T cell activation in the periphery. We find that PO-L1 is highly expressed on inflammatory macrophages as compared with resident peritoneal macrophages but can be induced on resident macrophages by classical activation stimuli such as lipopolysaccharide, IFN-[gamma] and polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid. Further up-regulation of PD-L1 on inflammatory macrophages can also be induced by subsequent exposure to lipopolysaccharide and IFN-[gamma]. In contrast, PD-L2 is not expressed on inflammatory macrophages but can be induced by alternative activation via IL-4. Although PD-L1 is highly inducible on a variety of antigen-presenting cell lines as well as resident macrophages, PD-L2 is most significantly inducible only on inflammatory macrophages. PD-L1 up-regulation depends on TLR4 and STAT1, whereas PD-L2 expression depends on IL-4R[alpha] and STAT6. Consistent with these results, T helper 1/T helper 2 (Th1/Th2) cells also differentially up-regulate PD-L1 and PD-L2 expression on inflammatory macrophages. Hence, Th1 cells as well as microbial products can enhance PD-L1 expression on many different macrophage populations, whereas Th2 cells instruct only inflammatory macrophages to up-regulate PD-L2. These results suggest that PD-L1 and PD-L2 might have different functions in regulating type 1 and type 2 responses. IL-4 | Stat6 | Stat1 | B7-DC | B7-H1
- Subjects :
- Cell research
Science and technology
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 00278424
- Volume :
- 100
- Issue :
- 9
- Database :
- Gale General OneFile
- Journal :
- Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- edsgcl.102206727