Renal tolerance for ioxaglate in patients with chronic renal failure

Contrast materials are chemicals used for diagnostic purposes that are often injected into blood vessels. They can cause side effects, including kidney damage resulting in renal (kidney) failure. Research has suggested that high-osmolality (large concentration of ions or solutes) contrast agents are more likely to cause renal failure than low ones. Low-osmolality contrast agents, such as ioxaglate, have been developed to prevent these side effects. Research has indicated that ioxaglate has less toxic effects on the kidneys than high-osmolality agents, but these studies have been primarily based measuring serum creatinine levels. Serum creatinine levels rise when kidney failure occurs, but they often do not rise until after severe damage has occurred. This study examined the effects of ioxaglate on renal function using more sensitive measurements. These tests included measuring renal clearance of inulin and p-aminohippuric acid and determining excretion of urinary enzyme. These were measured in eight patients with chronic renal failure undergoing cardiac evaluations that required the injection of ioxaglate. Results showed that clearance rates and enzyme levels were comparable before and after the agent was administered. These results indicate that ioxaglate does not cause renal failure and is safe for use in those with kidney problems. (Consumer Summary produced by Reliance Medical Information, Inc.)