Ionization coefficients in selected gas mixtures of interest to particle detectors

Particle detectors require gas mixtures which possess high electron yield. These high yields are produced when the initializing electrons produced by the ionizing particle reach high energy levels capable of further ionizing the components of the gas mixture. This property may be measured via the magnitude of the gas-density-normalized effective ionization coefficient. Many unitary, binary and ternary gas mixtures possess high ionization coefficients which show high electron yields suitable for particle detectors, particularly super collider muon detectors.