Further results on Cramer-Rao bounds for parameter estimation in long-code DS/CDMA systems

Formulas for the modified Cramer-Rao bounds (CRBs) are obtained under the assumption that the spreading codes can be modeled as random nuisance parameters. Numerical examples showing the impact of the training length, signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and the number of active users on the CRB are also reported and commented upon.