Immunological memory: The role of B cells in long-term protection against invasive bacterial pathogens

Protein-polysaccharide conjugate vaccines that protect against Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib), serogroup C Neisseria meningitids, and multiple capsular serotypes of Stretocoiccus pneumoniae have had a major impact on invasive bacterial disease in childhood when incorporated into routine. However, effectiveness data from the UK suggest that primary infant immunization alone might not be associated with long-term protection.