The diagnosis and medical treatment of ADHD in children and adolescents in primary care: a practical guide

Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is one of the most common psychiatric disorders of childhood with approximately 3%-5% of children affected. ADHD is characterized by inattention, impulsivity, and hyperactivity. Many children will present to the primary care provider with concerns regarding ADHD behaviors. The approach to ADHD evaluation includes the history, physical exam, and use of ADHD rating scales. The use of medication to treat ADHD is an important part of management. Case Study M is a 9-year-old boy. His parents state that the school is concerned about his academic progress. He is not at risk of grade retention; however, he is struggling academically, has difficulty sitting still, cannot complete tasks on time, and seems easily distracted. At home the parents state he has never been able to sit still, is always on the go, and has three or four activities going on at once. Homework completion is a struggle. His father thinks that he is just an active normal boy. His mother is not so sure. M says that he would like to do better in school and wonders why he doesn't have as many friends as he used to have.
Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is the most common psychiatric disorder of childhood and adolescence. It has been estimated that 3%-5% of children in the United States have the disorder, [...]