Nonlinear Raman studies of weakly bound complexes and clusters in molecular beams

Coherent Raman scattering (CRS), stimulated Raman loss (gain) (SRL(G)), mass-selective ionization-detected stimulated Raman spectroscopy (IDSRS) and their Fourier-transform versions are nonlinear Raman studies that help evaluate weakly bound clusters and complexes in molecular beams. SRL and CRS help study various characteristics of large homogeneous clusters such as condensation dynamics in free-jet-expansions, cluster phases, cluster temperatures and low-frequency collective modes in ground states. Mass-selective IDSRS enables the study of small-to-medium sized species by elucidating structure- and dynamics-related properties and their correlation with size and solution status.