Continuous venovenous hemodiafiltration (CWHDF) with citrate anticoagulation in the treatment of a patient with acute renal failure, hypercalcemia, and thrombocytopenia

Byline: V. Sramek (1), I. Novak (1), M. MatAjovic (1), R. Rokyta (1), M. Nalos (1), P. Hora (1), H. Pittrova (1) Keywords: Citrate anticoagulation; Hemofiltration; Hypercalcemia; Thrombocytopenia; Multiple myeloma; Acute renal failure Abstract: A 72-year-old patient with multiple myeloma was admitted to the intensive care unit because of hypercalcemic crisis and acute renal failure. After 7 days of comprehensive therapy including diuretics, steroids, calcitonin, and intermittent hemodialysis (IHD) with low-calcium dialysate, calcium still reached high levels between IHD treatments and thrombocytopenia developed after chemotherapy. CWHDF with calcium-free bicarbonate dialysate was started. Anticoagulation with 2.2 % citrate was performed in order to chelate calcium, and thus treat the hypercalcemia, and to provide regional anticoagulation, and thus reduce the risk of bleeding due to thrombocytopenia. CWHDF with citrate anticoagulation was continued for 6 days, and standard heparin anticoagulation was started when the hypercalcemia and thrombocytopenia abated. Author Affiliation: (1) ICU, Medical Department I, Charles University Hospital Plzen, Alej Svobody 80, 30460, Plzen, Czech Republic Article History: Registration Date: 23/03/2009 Received Date: 03/07/1997 Accepted Date: 04/12/1997