In search of better route guidance instructions

A study was conducted to examine the effectiveness of the use of in-vehicle route guidance and informations systems (IVRGIS) for older people and newly qualified drivers. Results show that elderly drivers responded better to less complex guidance directions, rather than full guidance directions, as the former provide them more time to make the association between the directions to be taken and the spatial location of these turns. For new drivers, however, wayfinding performance has decreased with the use of IVRGIS.