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Benthic algal communities: recovery from experimental acidification

Authors :
Turner, Michael A.
Findlay, David L.
Baulch, Helen M.
Armstrong, Llwellyn M.
Kasian, Susan E.M.
McNicol, Donald K.
Vinebrooke, Rolf D.
Source :
Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences. November, 2009, Vol. 66 Issue 11, p1875, 17 p.
Publication Year :
2009

Abstract

Chemical recovery is hypothesized to promote rapid recovery of benthic algal communities in formerly acidified lakes; this expectation needs modification. We evaluated the hypothesis in a small lake (L302S) in the boreal forest of northwestern Ontario, Canada, during a decade of pH recovery following a prior decade of experimental acidification from pH 6.7 to 4.5. To account for regional changes during the study, we also studied a nearby reference lake (L239). Taxonomic changes in the epilithon (biofilm on rock surfaces) included persistently lower cyanobacterial biomass following its acidification-related decline and increases in both diatoms and greens. Epilithic metabolic recovery was incomplete because the acidification-induced increase in respiration continued, although the prior decline in photosynthesis was reversed. Unexpectedly, blooms of metaphytic filamentous green algae occurred at higher pH during recovery than during acidification. Although several community attributes recovered fully, recovery of many aggregate functional and taxonomic properties lagged improvements in pH. Divergence was greater at the taxonomic than at the functional level. Despite pH recovery, potential causes of incomplete algal recovery include incomplete chemical recovery and the persistent absence of functionally important biota. Our findings counter the assumption that ecological recovery mirrors the pathway of damage caused by a human stressor. Resume: Une hypothese veut que le retablissement chimique favorise le retablissement rapide des communautes d'algues dans les lacs anterieurement acidifies; cette prevision doit etre modifiee. Nous avons evalue l'hypothese dans un petit lac (L302S) de la foret boreale du nord-ouest de l'Ontario, Canada, durant une decennie de retablissement du pH suivant une decennie anterieure d'acidification experimentale de pH 6,7 a 4,5. Afin de tenir compte des changements regionaux au cours de l'etude, nous avons aussi observe un lac temoin (L239) a proximite. Les changements taxonomiques dans l'epilithon (biofilm a la surface des roches) comprenaient une biomasse constamment reduite de cyanobacteries a la suite de leur declin relie a l'acidification et un accroissement a la fois des diatomees et des algues vertes. Le retablissement metabolique de l'epilithon etait incomplet parce que l'accroissement de la respiration cause par l'acidification s'est maintenu, bien que le declin anterieur de la photosynthese ait ete renverse. De maniere inattendue, les foisonnements d'algues vertes filamenteuses metaphytes se sont produits a un pH plus eleve durant le retablissement que durant l'acidification. Bien que plusieurs caracteristiques de la communaute se soient retablies entierement, le retablissement de certaines proprietes fonctionnelles et taxonomiques globales a accuse un retard par rapport a l'amelioration du pH. La divergence etait plus important a l'echelle taxonomique qu'a l'echelle fonctionnelle. Malgre le retablissement du pH, les causes potentielles du retablissement incomplet des algues incluent un retablissement chimique incomplet et l'absence prolongee d'organismes fonctionnellement importants. Nos observations contredisent la presupposition qui veut que le retablissement ecologique reflete la voie des dommages causes par le facteur anthropique de stress. [Traduit par la Redaction]<br />Introduction Recovery from acidification is an important issue for aquatic ecosystems in the Northern Hemisphere as the release of acidifying emissions into the atmosphere is substantially reduced (Galloway 2001). In [...]

Details

Language :
English
ISSN :
0706652X
Volume :
66
Issue :
11
Database :
Gale General OneFile
Journal :
Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
Publication Type :
Academic Journal
Accession number :
edsgcl.217512213