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Early short-term treatment with neutralizing human monoclonal antibodies halts SHIV infection in infant macaques
- Source :
- Nature Medicine. April 1, 2016, p362, 9 p.
- Publication Year :
- 2016
-
Abstract
- Prevention of mother-to-child transmission (MTCT) of HIV remains a major objective where antenatal care is not readily accessible. We tested HIV-1-specific human neutralizing monoclonal antibodies (NmAbs) as a post-exposure therapy in an infant macaque model for intrapartum MTCT. One-month-old rhesus macaques were inoculated orally with the simian-human immunodeficiency virus [SHIV.sub.SF162P3]. On days 1, 4, 7 and 10 after virus exposure, we injected animals subcutaneously with NmAbs and quantified systemic distribution of NmAbs in multiple tissues within 24 h after antibody administration. Replicating virus was found in multiple tissues by day 1 in animals that were not treated. All NmAb-treated macaques were free of virus in blood and tissues at 6 months after exposure. We detected no anti-SHIV T cell responses in blood or tissues at necropsy, and no virus emerged after [CD8.sup.+] T cell depletion. These results suggest that early passive immunotherapy can eliminate early viral foci and thereby prevent the establishment of viral reservoirs.<br />Recent advances in the discovery of human HIV NmAbs that have high potency and breadth of coverage have rekindled an interest in their use as pre-exposure prophylaxis, as well as [...]
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 10788956
- Database :
- Gale General OneFile
- Journal :
- Nature Medicine
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- edsgcl.451941083
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.1038/nm.4063