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Internal phosphorus loading in Canadian fresh waters: a critical review and data analysis
- Source :
- Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences. December, 2017, Vol. 74 Issue 12, p2005, 25 p.
- Publication Year :
- 2017
-
Abstract
- Many physical, chemical, and biological processes in freshwater ecosystems mobilize the nutrient phosphorus (P) from sediments, which in turn may contribute to the formation of harmful algal blooms. Here, we critically reviewed internal P loading in Canadian fresh waters to understand the geographic patterns and environmental drivers of this important process. From 43 publications, we consolidated 618 estimates of internal P loading from Canadian freshwater ponds, lakes, reservoirs, and coastal wetlands (n = 70). Expressed in terms of total P, short-term gross rates in sediment samples ([L.sub.gross]) ranged from -27 to 54 mg x [m.sup.-2] x [day.sup.-1] (n = 461), while long-term net rates in whole ecosystems ([L.sub.net]) ranged from -1694 to 10 640 mg x [m.sup.-2] x [year.sup.-1] (n = 157). The main environmental drivers of this variation were oxygen, pH, geology, and trophic state. Internal P loading tended to be higher during the open-water season and most prominent in small prairie lakes. Priorities for future research on internal P loading should include resolving methodological problems, assessing the relative importance of different mechanisms, examining the influence of anthropogenic activities, and quantifying rates in understudied ecosystems. Resume : De nombreux processus physiques, chimiques et biologiques dans les ecosystemes d'eau douce mobilisent le phosphore (P), un element nutritif, des sediments, ce qui peut favoriser la formation de fleurs d'eau nefastes. Nous avons effectue un examen critique de l'apport interne de P dans les plans d'eau douce canadiens afin de comprendre les motifs de repartition geographique et les facteurs environnementaux qui influent sur cet important processus. A la lumiere de 43 publications, nous avons collige 618 estimations de l'apport interne de P d'etangs, de lacs, de reservoirs et de milieux humides littoraux d'eau douce canadiens (n = 70). Exprimes en termes de P total, les taux d'apport de P a court terme pour les echantillons de sediments ([L.sub.gross]) vont de -27 a 54 mg x [m.sup.-2] x [jour.sup.-1] (n = 461), alors que les taux nets a long terme a l'echelle de l'ecosysteme ([L.sub.net]) vont de -1694 a 10 640 mg x [m.sup.-2] x [an.sup.-1] (n = 157). Les principaux facteurs environnementaux influant sur ces variations sont l'oxygene, le pH, la geologie et l'etat trophique. L'apport interne de P tend a etre plus eleve durant la periode d'eau libre et le plus marque dans les petits lacs de prairie. La priorite des travaux futurs sur l'apport interne de P devrait porter sur la resolution de problemes methodologiques, l'evaluation de l'importance relative de differents mecanismes, l'examen de l'influence des activites humaines et la quantification des taux dans les ecosystemes sous-etudies. [Traduit par la Redaction]<br />Introduction Globally, eutrophication is one of the key drivers of change in aquatic ecosystems (Millenium Ecosystem Assessment 2005). Eutrophication causes poor water clarity, oxygen depletion, fish kills, and biodiversity loss, [...]
- Subjects :
- Phosphorus -- Environmental aspects
Earth sciences
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- ISSN :
- 0706652X
- Volume :
- 74
- Issue :
- 12
- Database :
- Gale General OneFile
- Journal :
- Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
- Publication Type :
- Academic Journal
- Accession number :
- edsgcl.515012938
- Full Text :
- https://doi.org/10.1139/cjfas-2016-0500