A Contrast and Comparison of Near-Sea Surface Air Temperature/Humidity From GMS and SSM/I Data With an Improved Algorithm

With data sets gained from Defense Meteorological Satellite Program (DMSP) Special Sensor Microwave/Imager (SSM/I) microwave channels, Geostationary Meteorological Satellite (GMS-5) infrared channels, and ship-measured data, the statistical algorithms to estimate sea surface temperature and near-sea surface air humidity around Taiwan and the South China Sea areas are developed. Then a new, improved method to estimate near-sea surface air temperature based on the algorithm proposed by Konda et al. [1] is established in this study. The results estimated with SSM/I data show that the root mean square error (RMSE) of SST, near-sea surface air humidity and air temperature over the oceans around Taiwan and the South China Sea are 1.2 K, 1.43 g/kg, and 1.6 K, respectively. The results with GMS data are 1.7 K, 1.71 g/kg and 1.7 K, respectively. The results also show that the improvements in the algorithm of Konda et al. [1] simplify the computation scheme, improve the accuracy, and match the regional ocean-atmosphere properties in retrieving near-sea surface air temperature. The estimate produced using SSM/I and GMS data also show good consistency between them, both in temporal and spatial variations. Basically, the accuracy of this result implies strong potential for application of satellite data to relative studies and operational work in the ocean-atmosphere interaction. Index Terms--Geostationary Meteorological Satellite (GMS), near-sea surface air humidity, near-sea surface air temperature, Special Sensor Microwave/Imager (SSM/I).