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30- to 100-keV protons upstream from the earth's bow shock
- Source :
- Journal of Geophysical Research. 79
- Publication Year :
- 1974
- Publisher :
- United States: NASA Center for Aerospace Information (CASI), 1974.
-
Abstract
- Protons of 30 to 100 keV are found upstream from the bow shock whenever interplanetary magnetic fields connect the spacecraft and bow shock. The protons do not appear upstream of a boundary determined by the solar wind speed (the speed at which the interplanetary field is being convected) and an effective upstreaming velocity of 2.5 to 3 times the solar wind speed along the field lines. It is believed that (1) the lower-energy (3-4 keV) protons accelerated and reflected by the bow shock and (2) the Alfven waves observed upstream are in some way responsible for the origin of the 30- to 100-keV protons in very large regions upstream from the bow shock.
- Subjects :
- Space Radiation
Subjects
Details
- Language :
- English
- Volume :
- 79
- Database :
- NASA Technical Reports
- Journal :
- Journal of Geophysical Research
- Notes :
- NAS5-11038, , NAS9-10509
- Publication Type :
- Report
- Accession number :
- edsnas.19740038928
- Document Type :
- Report