A STROBOSCOPIC SECONDARY-EMISSION ELECTRON MICROSCOPE

The purpose of a stroboscopic or gating electron microscope is to observe the successive quasi-instantaneous stages of dynamic processes; if the frequency of the investigated process is synchronized with the gating there will be obtained stationary images of the surface structure regardless of the frequency characteristics of the screen. In the case of an emission system with a three-electrode objective a stroboscopic regime can be realized in different ways: supply of the microscope with high-voltage pulses, modulation of the potential on the focusing electrode, or deflection of the beam by means of appropriate deflecting plates. In the instrument employed in the present work pulse modulation was employed. A block diagram of the microscope and associated electronic equipment is shown in the figure. Some of the parameters of the equipment and particularly of the ion source used for inducing the secondary emission are described in the paper. (Author)
Stroboskopicheskii Vtorichno-Emissionnyi Elektronnyi Mikroskop, unedited rough draft trans. of Akademiya Nauk SSSR. Izvestiya. Seriya Fizicheskaya, v30 n5 p742-8 1966.